Abstract:As a globally important industrial production base, the widespread use of chromium in China has led to serious environmen‐tal pollution problems as industrialisation has accelerated, especially in the rapid development of metallurgy, electroplating, leathermanufacturing and other industries. Chromium mainly exists in the form of trivalent chromium and hexavalent chromium, of whichhexavalent chromium poses a great threat to the environment and human health due to its high toxicity and strong oxidizing properties.Chromium pollution in China is mainly concentrated in sites such as industrial towns and historical industrial sites, where large quanti‐ties of chromium-containing wastewater and wastes are discharged into the environment without treatment or improper treatment, lead‐ing to extensive chromium pollution. This review firstly introduced the current situation and risk hazards of chromium-contaminatedsites in China, and then elaborated that the future development trend of chromium-contaminated sites was still dominated by treatment,in which bioremediation had become the mainstream remediation method due to its low cost and green environment. At present, chromi‐um pollution in soil and water had seriously affected agricultural production and ecosystem balance. In the face of the serious challengeof chromium pollution, how to accelerate the development of efficient, low-cost chromium pollution control technology, to achieve the re‐cycling of chromium resources had become a hot spot in today""s research.